Who is evil?

Dina, die ein paar Eier kocht, kommt mit einer verblüffenden Idee, die uns schweigend nachdenken läßt – und dieses Schweigen ist äußerst selten bei uns. Sie sagt en passant: “Das Böse wie das Schöne liegt im Auge des Betrachters.”
Huch, das heißt, nicht der Fuchs, der die Gans im Kinderlied und wohl auch real stiehlt, ist böse, sondern der bewertende Betrachter.
Aber hallo, das bedeutet doch, wenn wir etwas Böses sehen, sind WIR böse“, sinniert Siri.
Das ist doch völliger Quatsch!” ruft Selma empört.
Die kluge Siri überlegt: “Das Böse liegt nicht im Auge des Betrachters, aber was wir als böse erkennen, hängt vom Auge des Betrachters ab. Das macht einen großen Unterschied. Denn sonst müsste man tatsächlich sagen: Wenn ich einen Mord für böse halte, bin ich böse, weil ich Böses sehe. Das ist – um Selmas Lieblingswort aufzugreifen – Quatsch.

The first act of violence in the morning


Nachdem schweigend das Frühstücksei verspeist wurde, was eigentlich auch als Akt der Agression, also als böse betrachtet werden kann, nimmt Kb den Gesprächsfaden wieder auf:
Lasst uns das Böse mal anders betrachten. Das Böse ist nicht einfach das, was Schaden anrichtet. Sonst wäre der Fuchs böse, der Eisbär und der Waldbrand ebenfalls. Damit wird ‘böse’ zu einem bloßen Synonym für ‘unangenehm’ oder ‘zerstörerisch’. Böse zu sein, setzt eine Wahl voraus. Man könnte lieb sein, wählt aber das Böse.
Wo wir jetzt schon beim Moralischen sind”, meint Dina verschmitzt grinsend, “können Tiere gar nicht böse sein, da sie keine Wahl haben. Da besteht ein riesiger Unterschied zwischen Biologie und Moral. Moral setzt Freiheit voraus, die die Biologie nicht hat. Moral beginnt vielleicht dort, wo aus ‘Ich kann’ ein ‘Ich kann auch anders’ wird. Das Böse ist nicht einfach die Fähigkeit zu schaden, sondern die freie Entscheidung, einem anderen Wesen Schaden zuzufügen, obwohl man anders handeln könnte.

Being evil presupposes a choice.
Red-tailed buzzard

19 thoughts

  1. I never think of anything in nature as evil. Animals kill to survive, not for pleasure. Some humans kill for pleasure, so perhaps those who find pleasure in killing or torturing animals (or other humans) are truly evil. An interesting discussion to have over your boiled eggs, accompanied by simply superb photographs!

    Love from Beetley, Pete. X

    Liked by 1 person

    • Dear Pete

      Well, cats kill for pleasure as well as foxes. We quite often idealize nature. That’s the zeitgeist.

      It’s a complicated question if nature can be evil. Unfortunately we know not enough of animal behaviour to give a clear answer. But we hope that some of our visitors here know more.
      We like to write a post about something we are interested in but not necessarily know all about it. We hope that during the discussions here we learn to see clearer.

      Thanks, dear Pete. Have a happy week
      The Fab Four of Cley
      🙂 🙂 🙂 🙂

      Liked by 1 person

    • Oh derar, John

      Now there is the question who or what is Satan. Is it a philosophical or theological principle or what?

      Thanks for liking Dina’s pictures and for commenting
      The Fab Four of Cley
      🙂 🙂 🙂 🙂

      Liked by 1 person

  2. I think that evil is apparent in nature, and not just in human beings. There is a viciousness that exists in some animals. Cats, for example, often kill birds and other small creatures for pleasure, not food.

    It’s ultimately a tricky philosophical question, but good for discussion.

    Liked by 1 person

    • Thanks, dear Richard 🙏 🙏

      Indeed, it’s a tricky question. We don’t have an answer, but we find it interesting to think about it. Kb as a rationalist asked what’s the function of evil? Siri, our intellectual, questioned that characteristic we use for humans can be used for animals as well. Does morals apply to nature? On the other hand people are nature as well. Selma asks if it helps to know if nature can be evil or not and Dina tries to answer that question iconographic.

      All the best
      The Fab Four of Cley
      🙂 🙂 🙂 🙂

      Like

  3. Ihr Lieben in Cley, zu eurem wunderschönen und stimulierenden Bericht bezüglich das Böse gefällt mir folgender Satz ganz speziell “der weise Goethe, der den Teufel als Teil von jener Macht sieht, die stets das Böse will und stets das Gute schafft.” Habt vielen Dank:)

    Liked by 1 person

  4. What a fascinating discussion to have around your breakfast table. I would define evil as intentional acts of cruelty, injustice, and malice committed by people who get enjoyment out of seeing others in distress. But then you need to consider whether an act is truly evil or just extremely unkind.

    Liked by 2 people

    • Thank you very much, dear Jude.
      We suppose people are often evil for getting an advantage.
      And as you wrote, the problem is where starts and ends ‘intentional’. Intentionality presupposes freedom, and who is truly free from their socialisation?

      Thanks a lot
      The Fab Four of Cley
      🙂 🙂 🙂 🙂

      Like

  5. What a fantastic discussion around the kitchen table!
    Dina’s quote about evil being in the eye of the beholder and the discussion about free will are absolutely fascinating.
    Thank you for sharing this brilliant philosophical insight.
    PS: the images are wonderful!

    Like

  6. What an extraordinary amount of philosophy to encounter before the breakfast eggs have even gone cold! What stayed with me most was the distinction between destruction and evil. Nature can certainly be cruel and destructive, but does evil require intention. The knowledge that we could choose differently and nevertheless choose to cause harm. And then, of course, Klausbernd complicates that beautifully by asking how free our choices really are.

    As you know, I’m reading Faust so I was very pleased when Selma brought Goethe and Faust to the breakfast table. Mephistopheles describes himself as:

    “Ein Teil von jener Kraft,
    Die stets das Böse will und stets das Gute schafft.”

    “Part of that power which eternally wills evil and eternally works good.”

    And there Goethe leaves us with yet another complication. Even the relationship between good and evil may not unfold quite as we expect. Maybe some questions are not meant to be settled over breakfast or even in a lifetime. Wonderful food for thought from The brilliant Fab Four of Cley!

    Like

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